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Present perfect.
Uses.
We use the present perfect to talk about experiences that we have had or not had at some point in the past.
I've borrowed $20.
I haven't taken up track and field this year.
We never use the present perfect to talk about an event that happened at a specific time in the past. We use it when the time of the event is not important or not known.
We sometimes use ever in questions to mean "at any time in our life until this moment."
Have you ever tried out wakeboarding?
Form
In affirmative sentences, we usually use short forms (’s / ’ve) after a subject pronoun when speaking. We use full forms (have/has) in formal writing.
In negative sentences, we usually use short forms (haven’t / hasn’t) in both spoken and written English. We use full forms (have not / has not) in formal texts.
Important:
’s can mean two things in English.
’s = has
He’s visited London. = He has visited Landon.
’s = is
It’s a book = It is a book
Correct verb forms.
Remember, the past participle (V3) is important in the present perfect. There are two types of verbs: regular, which we can only add -ed to form the present perfect. Other types of verbs are irregular, and they don't have a rule; we can only memorize them by heart
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